Управленец

2218-5003

2686-7923

10.29141/2218-5003-2023-14-1-1

NYJPSB

https://upravlenets.usue.ru/ru/-2023/1190

Экосистемы фирм: формирование исследовательской программы

Firms’ ecosystems: Developing a research programme

Попов

Евгений Васильевич

Попов

Евгений Васильевич

Popov

Evgeny V.

epopov@mail.ru

Ural Institute of Management (RANEPA) (Ekaterinburg, Russia)Уральский институт управления РАНХиГС (г. Екатеринбург, РФ)

03032023

1412150211202228122022

CC BY-NC 4.0

Управление внешней средой фирмы требует учета не только отношений с хозяйственными партнерами, но и влияния различных элементов ее экосистемы. Статья посвящена разработке этапов и методов оценки формирования экосистемы на основе научного обзора. Методология исследования базируется на институциональной экономической теории и концепции экосистем. Использован метод системного логического анализа. Информационную основу работы составили научные публикации, проиндексированные в международных базах данных Web of Science Core Collection и Scopus в 2015–2022 гг. На основе анализа данных публикаций дано определение устойчивой экосистемы фирмы, которая понимается как внешняя среда субъекта хозяйствования с наиболее полным набором элементов инфраструктуры, стабильными сетевыми взаимодействиями, наиболее полным применением цифровых технологий, необходимым институциональным обеспечением и оптимальными трансакционными издержками. Выделены пять этапов оценки факторов формирования устойчивой экосистемы фирмы – инфраструктурного, сетевого, цифрового, институционального и затратного. Указанные факторы обеспечивают преимущества устойчивой экосистемы, заключающиеся в разнообразии хозяйственной деятельности, постоянстве отношений, быстроте принятия решений, стабильности стратегического развития и снижении издержек на поддержание экосистемы. Научная новизна полученного результата заключается в систематизации этапов и методов формирования устойчивой экосистемы фирмы на основе институциональной экономической теории, дополняющей существующие методы оценки бизнес-экосистем. Определены направления дальнейших исследований, предусматривающие углубление и расширение аппарата оценки различных аспектов обеспечения функционирования экосистемы фирмы.

Managing a firm’s external environment involves considering not only relationships with economic partners, but also the influence of various elements of its ecosystem. In the article, we develop stages and methods for assessing the formation of an ecosystem based on a scientific review. The theoretical framework of the study is institutional economics and the concept of ecosystem. The method of system logical analysis was used. The research data are retrieved from scientific papers indexed in the global databases Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus in 2015–2022. Having analyzed the existing literature, we formulated the definition of a firm’s sustainable ecosystem interpreted as the external environment of a business entity with a comprehensive set of infrastructure elements, stable network interactions, the extensive use of digital technologies, the essential institutional support, and optimal transaction costs. In the formation of a firm’s sustainable ecosystem, there are five stages providing for the development of infrastructural, network, digital, institutional, and financial parameters of this system. These factors ensure the benefits of a sustainable ecosystem consisting in diverse economic activities, strong relationships, fast decision-making, stable strategic development, and reduced costs for maintaining the ecosystem. The novelty of the study lies in the systematization of the stages and methods for the formation of a firm’s sustainable ecosystem based on institutional economics, which adds to the existing methods for assessing business ecosystems. We have highlighted the avenues for further studies on expanding the toolkit for evaluating various aspects of a firm’s ecosystem functioning.

экосистема;фирма;инфраструктура;сети;цифровизация;институциональный атлас;трансакционная функция.

ecosystem;firm;infrastructure;networks;digitalization;institutional atlas;transactional function

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках научного проекта № 22-28-20077.

The paper was funded by the Russian Science Foundation within the research project no. 22-28-20077.

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