Управленец2218-50032686-792310.29141/2218-5003-2024-15-2-3JRHVGLhttps://upravlenets.usue.ru/ru/-2024/1555https://upravlenets.usue.ru/ru/-2024/1555Поглощающая способность университета: нормативные и воспринимаемые оценкиUniversity absorptive capacity: Normative and perceived assessmentsОреховаСветлана ВладимировнаОреховаСветлана ВладимировнаOrekhovaSvetlana V.bentarask@list.ruНикитинаОксана МаратовнаНикитинаОксана МаратовнаNikitinaOksana M.ksana2684@mail.ruЯрошевичНаталья ЮрьевнаЯрошевичНаталья ЮрьевнаYaroshevichNatalya Yu.iarnat@mail.ruUral State University of Economics (Ekaterinburg, Russia)Уральский государственный экономический университет (г. Екатеринбург, РФ)Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (Ekaterinburg, Russia)Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина (г. Екатеринбург, РФ)0705202415231470512202301022024CC BY-NC 4.0

Управление знаниями в университетах представляет двуединый процесс: постоянное обучение, развитие научно-педагогических работников и одновременная передача знаний студентам. Коллективные возможности и мотивация работников к усвоению и эффективному применению знаний определяют так называемую поглощающую способность университета. Вместе с тем воспринимаемые работниками характеристики и уровень поглощающей способности могут отличаться от оценок, основанных на нормативных показателях деятельности университета. Статья посвящена разработке и апробации двуединого методического инструментария нормативной и воспринимаемой оценок уровня поглощающей способности университета. Методология исследования основана на фундаментально-теоретическом направлении управления знаниями (knowledge management), которое включает концепцию поглощающей способности организации. Методы исследования – компаративный анализ показателей деятельности университетов и экономическая статистика. Информационная база представлена данными анкетирования 187 научно-педагогических работников Уральского федерального университета (УрФУ) и Мониторинга эффективности деятельности образовательных организаций высшего образования РФ за 2022–2023 гг. В результате контент-анализа выделены параметры оценки: текущий уровень знаний работников и потенциал усвоения знаний в организации. В первой части методики разработан алгоритм сопоставления темпов роста нормативных показателей деятельности исследуемого университета и вузов-аналогов. Вторая часть методики включает оценку уровня поглощающей способности через призму суждений о нем научно-педагогических работников. Результаты апробации методического инструментария на примере УрФУ иллюстрируют расхождение между нормативными и воспринимаемыми оценками, на основании чего предложены решения по корректировке модели управления человеческими ресурсами университета.

Knowledge management in universities is a dual process combining continuous learning and development of academic staff with the simultaneous transfer of knowledge to students. Collective capabilities and motivation of university employees to absorb and effectively apply knowledge underlie the so-called university absorptive capacity. However, characteristics perceived by workers and the level of absorptive capacity may contrast with the assessments based on university performance standards. The paper proposes and tests a dual method for judging on university absorptive capacity based on normative and perceived assessments. Methodologically, the study rests on knowledge management, the fundamental theoretical framework that covers the concept of absorptive capacity of an organization. Among the research methods are comparative analysis of university performance indicators and economic statistics. Empirical evidence includes data from the survey of 187 academic staff members of Ural Federal University (Ekaterinburg, Russia) and the Monitoring of Efficiency of Higher Educational Institutions in the RF in 2022–2023. Having performed content analysis, we identified the following evaluation parameters: the current level of employees’ knowledge and the potential for knowledge absorption in the organization. The first part of the methodology presents an algorithm for comparing the growth rates of normative performance indicators of the university in question with those of analogous universities. The second part deals with assessing absorptive capacity based on academic staff’s perceptions. The testing results indicate that there is a discrepancy between the normative and perceived assessments, which allowed us to propose a set of measures for adjusting the HR management model in a university.

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In Proceedings of the 35th DRUID celebration conference.Gölgecia I., Kuivalainen O. (2020). Does social capital matter for supply chain resilience? The role of absorptive capacity and marketing-supply chain management alignment. Industrial Marketing Management, vol. 84, pр. 63–74. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2019.05.006Hansen M.T. (1999). The search-transfer problem: The role of weak ties in sharing knowledge across organization subunits. Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 44, no. 1, рр. 82–111. https://doi.org/10.2307/2667032Jain N., Gupta V. (2019). The impact of knowledge management system on student performance. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-07-2018-0065Jansen J.J., Den Bosch F.A. van, Volberda H.W. (2005). Managing potential and realized absorptive capacity: How do organizational antecedents’ matter? 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Human Resource Management, no. 58, pp. 503–519. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22113Lombardi R., Massaro M., Dumay J., Nappo F. (2019). Entrepreneurial universities and strategy: The case of the University of Bari. Management Decision, vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 3387–3405. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2018-0690Meeus M.T.H., Oerlemans L.A.G., Hage J. (2001). Patterns of interactive learning in a high-tech region. Organization Studies, vol. 22, рр. 145–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/017084060102200106Minbaeva D., Pedersen T., Björkman I., Fey C.F., Park H.J. (2003). MNC knowledge transfer, subsidiary absorptive capacity and HRM. Journal of International Business Studies, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 586–599. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.840005Mowery D.C. (1983). The relationship intrafirm and contractual forms of industrial research in American manufacturing, 1900–1940. 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Collaborative modes with Cultural and Creative Industries and innovation performance: The moderating role of heterogeneous sources of knowledge and absorptive capacity. Technovation, vol. 92–93, 102040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.06.003Skeels J.W., Fairbanks R.P. (1968–1969). Publish or perish: An analysis of the mobility of publishing and nonpublishing economists. Southern Economic Journal, vol. 35, no.1–4, pp. 17–25. https://doi.org/10.2307/1056651Swailes S., Downs Y., Orr K. (2014). Conceptualizing inclusive talent management: Potential, possibilities and practicalities. Human Resource Development International, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 529–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2014.954188Szulanski G. (1996). Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 17, issue S2, рр. 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171105Tilton J.E. (1971). International diffusion of technology: The case of semiconductors. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Tsai W.P. (2001). Knowledge transfer in intraorganizational networks: Effects of network position and absorptive capacity on business unit innovation and performance. Academy of Management Journal, vol. 44, no. 5, рр. 996–1004. https://doi. org/10.5465/3069443Wiig K.M. (1986). Management of knowledge: Perspectives of a new opportunity. Conference on expert systems. ILO, Gotlieb Detweiler Institute, Zurich.Wu J., Tian J., Lu L., Weng C., Xiang J. (2016). Surveys on knowledge management and knowledge creation in a Chinese research university. 2016 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C). Pp. 186–193.Zahra S.A., George G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, vol. 27, рр. 185–203. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6587995Zanin F., Massaro M., Bagnoli C. (2014). Towards a competitive knowledge management strategy approach in the university setting: The case of ca’Foscari university of Venice. Building a Competitive Public Sector with Knowledge Management Strategy. IGI Global, pp. 362–382.Zhou Y. (2019). The knowledge management status and improvement strategy of continuing education in university. International Journal of Intelligent Information and Management Science, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 111–115.