Управленец

2218-5003

2686-7923

10.29141/2218-5003-2024-15-5-1

EHXJRI

https://upravlenets.usue.ru/ru/-2024/1706

Индексы субъективного благополучия в оценке уровня счастья россиян

Subjective well-being indices in assessing happiness in Russia

Скачкова

Людмила Сергеевна

Скачкова

Людмила Сергеевна

Skachkova

Lyudmila S.

lsskachkova@sfedu.ruГерасимова

Ольга Ярославовна

Герасимова

Ольга Ярославовна

Gerasimova

Olga Ya.

osenkiv@sfedu.ruКривошеева-Медянцева

Дарья Дмитриевна

Кривошеева-Медянцева

Дарья Дмитриевна

Krivosheeva-Medyantseva

Darya D.

darkr@sfedu.ru

Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don, Russia)Южный федеральный университет (г. Ростов-на-Дону, РФ)

06112024

1552210407202404092024

CC BY-NC 4.0

Многомерность и динамичность современной общественной жизни требуют модификации принципов измерения успешности социально-экономической политики. Статья посвящена эмпирической апробации и анализу субъективных метрик, позволяющих учитывать «провалы» в социально-экономическом развитии, которые невозможно выявить лишь на основе объективных показателей. Такими метриками выступают индексы субъективного благополучия населения России в разрезе половозрастной структуры, географии проживания (по федеральным округам), уровня образования, семейного положения, наличия детей, индивидуальных оценок состояния здоровья, удовлетворенности работой и доходом. Методологическую основу исследования составила теория субъективного благополучия Э. Динера. В работе использовались индексный метод и методы описательной статистики, включая представление многомерного частотного распределения двух признаков. Информационной базой выступили панельные данные Российского мониторинга социально-экономического положения и состояния здоровья населения ВШЭ за 2013–2022 гг. Результаты исследования показали, что наименьшее значение индекса удовлетворенности жизнью наблюдалось в 2016 г., а максимальное – в 2022 г. Значение аффективного индекса счастья оказалось выше по сравнению с уровнем когнитивной оценки своей жизни. Выявлено, что пол, возраст, регион проживания, уровень образования, а также удовлетворенность здоровьем, работой, оплатой труда и материальным положением влияют на значение и динамику индексов счастья россиян. Развитие подхода к измерению благополучия населения, учитывающего не только объективные показатели, но и субъективные оценки индивидами своей жизни и отдельных ее аспектов, позволяет идентифицировать лакуны в системе социально-экономической поддержки населения.

Due to the multidimensionality and dynamism of today’s social life, there emerges the need to modify the principles of measuring the effectiveness of socio-economic policy. The article empirically tests and analyzes subjective metrics focused on “failures” in the socio-economic development which are impossible to identify through objective indicators only. These metrics are the subjective well-being indices for the Russian population in terms of gender and age, residence (by federal districts), level of education, marital status, presence of children, subjective health assessments, job and pay satisfaction. The methodological framework resides in Edward Diener’s subjective well-being theory. The method of index numbers and methods of descriptive statistics, including the multivariate frequency distribution of two attributes, are applied. The evidence base is comprised of panel data of The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) for 2013–2022. According to the research results, the minimum and maximum values of the life satisfaction index were observed in 2016 and 2022, respectively. The affective index of happiness was found to reach higher values compared to the cognitive assessment of it. The findings show that gender, age, region of residence, level of education, as well as satisfaction with health, job, wage and financial status affect the values and dynamics of happiness indices in Russia. A well-being measurement approach covering both objective and subjective assessments of people’s life and its individual aspects allows identifying gaps in the system of socio-economic support for the population.

государственное управление;субъективное благополучие;социально-экономическое развитие;счастье;удовлетворенность жизнью;удовлетворенность работой;удовлетворенность доходом.

public administration;subjective well-being;socio-economic development;happiness;life satisfaction;job satisfaction;wage satisfaction.

Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках проекта № 23-28-00636 «Социально-экономические факторы счастья россиян» (https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-00636/).

This research was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 23-28-00636 “Socio-economic factors in happiness of the Russian population” (https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-00636/).

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