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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="other" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управленец</journal-title></journal-title-group><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2218-5003</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2686-7923</journal-id></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29141/2218-5003-2025-16-1-1</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=80429152</article-id><self-uri>https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=80429152</self-uri><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Предпринимателя узнаем по доходу: вопросы идентификации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Recognizing entrepreneurs by income: The issues of identification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Шаститко</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаститко</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shastitko</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>aes@ranepa.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>fedorov-si@ranepa.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>2</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-30"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><license><license-p xml:lang="ru">CC BY-NC 4.0</license-p></license><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">А.Е. Шаститко, С.И. Федоров</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">A.E. Shastitko, S.I. Fedorov</copyright-statement></permissions><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В контексте современной высокотехнологичной экономики еще труднее идентифицировать предпринимательство, чем столетие назад. Новые акторы, такие как основатели стартапов, венчурные инвесторы, патентные брокеры, маркетологи и т. д., сочетают черты как предпринимателей, так и владельцев факторов производства - наемных работников, капиталистов-собственников, землевладельцев. Вместе с тем аналитическое разграничение функции предпринимателя и других функций в экономической системе крайне важно для формирования таких институциональных условий, которые обеспечивают координационные и распределительные эффекты, стимулирующие предпринимательское сообщество задействовать свой потенциал для расширения хозяйственного оборота. Статья посвящена операционализации определения предпринимательской деятельности путем разграничения предпринимательского дохода (в экономическом смысле) и доходов от факторов производства. Методологической базой исследования служат новая институциональная экономическая теория, теории предпринимательства Р. Кантильона, Й. Шумпетера, Ф. Найта, И. Кирцнера и др., а также неоавстрийская исследовательская традиция. Помимо общенаучных методов в работе используются элементы экономико-математического моделирования, призванные продемонстрировать природу предпринимательского дохода. Выявлено, что предпринимательский доход не привязан к факторам производства, но при этом смешивается с доходами от факторов производства в экономических расчетах. Обозначена проблема применения избыточных регуляторных ограничений на предпринимательскую деятельность при ценовом регулировании методом экономически обоснованных затрат. Результаты исследования вносят вклад в понимание природы предпринимательских доходов и закладывают теоретические основы для разработки подходов к ценовому регулированию и внутрифирменному управлению трудовыми ресурсами, которые не будут подрывать стимулы к предпринимательству.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In today's high-tech economy, it is even more difficult to identify entrepreneurship than a century ago. New actors such as start-up founders, venture capitalists, patent brokers, marketers, etc. combine the features of both entrepreneurs and owners of the factors of production, i.e., employees, capitalist owners, and landowners. At the same time, it is crucial to analytically differentiate between the entrepreneurial function and other functions in the economic system for forming such institutional conditions that would ensure coordination and distribution effects stimulating entrepreneurs to use their potential in expanding turnover. The study proposes an operationalization of the definition of “entrepreneurial activity” by differentiating between entrepreneurial income (in the economic sense) and income from the factors of production. The foundation of research resides in new institutional economics, theories of entrepreneurship by R. Cantillon, J. Schumpeter, F. Knight, and I. Kirzner, as well as the neo-Austrian approach. In addition to general research methods, the work uses the elements of economic and mathematical modelling designed to expose the nature of entrepreneurial income. The findings show that entrepreneurial income is not linked to the factors of production but still blends with income from these factors in economic calculations. The paper spots the problem of excessive regulatory restrictions imposed on entrepreneurial activity while implementing price controls by the method of economically justified costs. The research results help understand the nature of entrepreneurial income and lay the theoretical foundations for developing approaches to price regulation and intra-firm labour management that would not undermine incentives for entrepreneurship.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic regulation</kwd><kwd>structural uncertainty</kwd><kwd>New Institutional Economics</kwd><kwd>neo-Austrian perspective</kwd><kwd>entrepreneurship</kwd><kwd>entrepreneurial income</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неоавстрийская исследовательская традиция</kwd><kwd>предпринимательство</kwd><kwd>предпринимательский доход</kwd><kwd>экономическое регулирование</kwd><kwd>структурная неопределенность</kwd><kwd>новая институциональная экономическая теория</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sombart W. (2005). Compilation of works: In 3 vols. 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